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USS Lexington (1861)
The third USS ''Lexington'' was a timberclad gunboat in the United States Navy during the American Civil War.
==Purchase and conversion==
''Lexington'' was built as a sidewheel steamer at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, in 1861 and was purchased by the War Department and converted into a gunboat at Cincinnati, Ohio, under the direction of Commander John Rodgers.
The gunboat, operated by the navy, joined the army's Western Flotilla at Cairo, Illinois, 12 August 1861. On 22 August, she seized steamer ''W. B. Terry'' at Paducah, Kentucky, and on 4 September, with , she engaged Confederate gunboat ''Jackson'' and southern shore batteries at Hickman and Columbus, Kentucky. On 6 September, the two gunboats spearheaded General Ulysses S. Grant's drive to seize strategic Paducah and Smithland, Kentucky, at the mouths of the Tennessee and Cumberland Rivers. In his first use of strength afloat, Grant countered a Confederate move into the state, helping preserve Kentucky for the Union and foreshadowing his skillful use of naval mobility and support during the coming campaigns which divided the Confederacy and won the entire Mississippi system for the Union.
''Lexington''s next action came on the 10th when she and silenced a Confederate battery and damaged ''Jackson'' at Lucas Bend, Missouri, while covering a troop advance. An 8 inch shell from ''Lexington'' exploded in ''Jackson''s starboard wheelhouse causing severe damage. Only the powerful batteries on the bluffs at Columbus, Kentucky, saved ''Jackson'' and another Southern steamer from capture.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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